Covid-19 Sonrası Turizm Sektöründe Yeni Bir Dönem: Kuzey Kıbrıs Örneği
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Abstract
COVID-19, özellikle turizm ve ülke ekonomileri üzerindeki etkisi nedeniyle yıllar boyunca bilim insanlarının yoğun ilgisini çekmiştir. Bununla birlikte, COVID-19’un Kuzey Kıbrıs turizmi ve ekonomisi üzerindeki etkilerine odaklanan çalışmaların sayısı sınırlıdır. Bu süreçte turist sayısındaki azalma, yerel turist ziyaretlerindeki düşüş ve ortaya çıkan ekonomik sorunların yanı sıra COVID-19 sonrası dönemde turizm sektörünün toparlanmasına yönelik alınan önlemler üzerine çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak Kuzey Kıbrıs bağlamında gerçekleştirilen vaka temelli çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu nedenle bu araştırma, turizm sektörünü yeniden canlandırmak, gelirleri artırmak, kaynakları etkin bir şekilde yönetmek, maliyet etkinliğini ve operasyonel verimliliği geliştirmek ve turist gelişlerini artırmak amacıyla alınan önlemleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma, COVID-19 sonrası yeniden açılma sürecinde turizm endüstrisinin gelişmesi ve sürdürülebilirliği konusundaki mevcut bilgi birikimine katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Bu araştırma; COVID-19 sonrası dönemin işletmeler üzerindeki etkileri, sektörde meydana gelen gelişme ve değişimler, işletmelerin faaliyetlerini sürdürebilmek için benimsedikleri stratejiler ve gelecekteki büyümeyi güvence altına alırken turistlerin ve müşterilerin ilgisini nasıl çekebildikleri gibi konuları ele almaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, Kuzey Kıbrıs’ın önde gelen şehirlerinde faaliyet gösteren işletme sahipleri ve yöneticileri ile gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmeler aracılığıyla ve nitel araştırma yaklaşımı kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Kuzey Kıbrıs’ı bir vaka çalışması olarak ele alarak COVID-19 sonrası turizm ve konaklama sektöründe gelişme ve sürdürülebilirlik konusundaki mevcut literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Dünya zaman zaman turizm sektörünü güçlü biçimde etkileyen bu ve benzeri hastalıklarla mücadele etmektedir. Bu nedenle söz konusu araştırma, COVID-19 sonrası dönemde sektörlerin karşılaştığı olumsuz etkilerle nasıl başa çıkılabileceğine ilişkin turizm sektörü paydaşlarına yol gösterici nitelikte olacaktır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın özgün katkısı, Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki (bir Akdeniz adası) konaklama sektörüne turizm endüstrisinde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanabilmesi için olağanüstü durumlarla nasıl başa çıkılabileceğine ilişkin ek bilgiler sunmasıdır.
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